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Pharmaenergy :: Epilepsyp :: Valproate :: Valproate Hexal 300mg x100

VALPROATE HEXAL 300MG X100 #1185
Valproate Hexal 300mg x100

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Weight 300mg
Set 100tab
PerPillPrice $1.39
Price: $139.00

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How does it work?
This medicine contains the active ingredient valproate semisodium, which is is a type of medicine called a mood stabiliser. It is used to treat the manic phase of a psychiatric illness known as bipolar affective disorder, or manic depression.

(Valproate semisodium is another form of the antiepileptic medicine, sodium valproate, which is also used in an unlicensed capacity as a mood stabiliser. Valproate semisodium is a form of sodium valproate that is licensed for use as a mood stabiliser. Both can be known simply as valproate.)

People with bipolar affective disorder suffer from abnormal mood swings, which range from episodes of abnormally high mood (mania or hypomania) to episodes of abnormally low mood (depression). Valproate semisodium works as a mood stabiliser by increasing the amount of a natural nerve calming chemical in the brain called GABA.

The brain and nerves are made up of thousands of nerve cells that communicate with each other through electrical signals. These signals must be carefully regulated for the brain and nerves to function properly. When abnormally rapid and repetitive electrical signals are released in the brain, it becomes over-stimulated and normal function is disturbed.

The nerve activity is normally kept in balance by a natural chemical in the brain called GABA. When GABA is released in the brain it acts as a natural calming agent. Once GABA is broken down in the brain, it can no longer act on the nerves. When only small amounts of GABA are present, the brain may become 'overexcited'.

Valproate semisodium prevents the breakdown of GABA in the brain. This enables more GABA to be available to calm nerve cells for a longer period of time. By calming the nerve cells, valproate semisodium prevents excessively rapid and repetitive firing of electrical signals. This stabilises the electrical nerve activity in the brain and is thought to explain how valproate semisodium calms periods of mania.

In addition to treating manic episodes, valproate semisodium is prescribed by specialists as a maintenance treatment to help stabilise mood and prevent episodes of ill health, though this is an unlicensed use of the medicine.

What is it used for?
Maintenance treatment as a mood stabiliser in bipolar disorder to help prevent episodes of ill health (unlicensed use)
Manic episodes of bipolar affective disorder (manic depression)

Warning!
This medicine may cause blood, liver or pancreatic disorders. You should have blood tests to monitor your liver function and blood cell count before you start treatment. Your liver function should be monitored for the first six months of treatment, and your blood cell count should be checked before any surgery. Tell your doctor immediately if you experience any of the following symptoms during treatment: lack of appetite and energy, weakness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, swelling of ankles or hands, yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), unusual bruising or bleeding.
This medicine may cause drowsiness. If affected do not drive or operate machinery.

There is no information regarding the safety and effectiveness of this medicine to treat mania in children and adolescents under the age of 18 years.

This medicine can cause some people to put on weight. Talk to your doctor about this before you start treatment so that you can discuss strategies, such as diet and exercise, for minimising any weight gain.

People with diabetes should be aware that valproate semisodium can cause false positive results in urine tests for ketones.

Use with caution in
Decreased kidney function
Disorders of urea production in the liver (urea cycle disorders)
Long-term inflammation of skin and some internal organs (systemic lupus erythematosus)

Not to be used in
Active liver disease
Life long inherited blood diseases which can cause a variety of symptoms, including mental health problems (porphyrias)
Personal or family history of severe liver dysfunction

This medicine should not be used if you are allergic to one or any of its ingredients. Please inform your doctor or pharmacist if you have previously experienced such an allergy.
If you feel you have experienced an allergic reaction, stop using this medicine and inform your doctor or pharmacist immediately.

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Certain medicines should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. However, other medicines may be safely used in pregnancy or breastfeeding providing the benefits to the mother outweigh the risks to the unborn baby. Always inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, before using any medicine.
Pregnant women taking valproate have a higher risk of carrying a baby with developmental problems and malformations. In view of this it is vital that women with bipolar disorder receive specialist psychiatric advice before starting treatment with valproate, so they are well informed of potential risks and benefits of treatment. Women who decide to try for a baby while taking valproate should start taking folic acid 5mg daily as soon as contraception is stopped, as this may reduce risk of neural tube defects in the baby.
Women who decide to continue taking valproate during a pregnancy should be prescribed valproate on its own, in the lowest effective dose, in doses that are split over the day, and if possible as a prolonged release brand. These measures can help minimise the risk to the baby. Specialist medical advice must be sought. Valproate passes into breast milk in small amounts, but there have been no reports of harmful effects from this on nursing infants. Seek further medical advice from your doctor.

Label warnings
This medication is to be swallowed whole, not chewed.

Side effects
Medicines and their possible side effects can affect individual people in different ways. The following are some of the side effects that are known to be associated with this medicine. Because a side effect is stated here, it does not mean that all people using this medicine will experience that or any side effect.
Pain in the stomach and abdominal area
Drowsiness
Confusion
Shaking, usually of the hands (tremor)
Nausea
Blood disorders
Skin rashes
Inflammation of the pancreas (pancreatitis)
Hair loss (alopecia)
Irregular menstrual periods
Severe blistering skin reaction affecting the tissues of the eyes, mouth, throat and genitals.(Stevens-Johnson Syndrome)
Decrease in the number of platelets in the blood (thrombocytopenia)
Increased appetite and weight gain
Liver disorders

The side effects listed above may not include all of the side effects reported by the drug's manufacturer.

For more information about any other possible risks associated with this medicine, please read the information provided with the medicine or consult your doctor or pharmacist.

How can this medicine affect other medicines?
Valproate semisodium may increase the blood levels of the following medicines:-
- tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline and nortriptyline
- benzodiazepines such as lorazepam
- zidovudine
- primidone.

Valproate semisodium may increase the blood level of lamotrigine and may increase the risk of skin reactions associated with lamotrigine. Your doctor may need to reduce your lamotrigine dose.
Valproate semisodium increases the blood levels of phenobarbitone, which may result in excessive sedation if these two medicines are taken together. The dose of phenobarbitone may need to be reduced by your doctor.
Valproate semisodium increases the blood levels of phenytoin and phenytoin levels should be monitored if these medicines are used together.

There may be increased sedation if valproate semisodium is taken with benzodiazepines.
There may be an increase in side effects such as dizziness, tiredness, blurred vision and vomiting if valproate semisodium is taken with carbamazepine.

The blood level of valproate semisodium may be increased by the following medicines:-
- felbamate
- large repeated doses of aspirin.

Mefloquine may decrease the blood level of valproate semisodium.
Cholestyramine may reduce the absorption of valproate semisodium from the gut. This can be minimised by separating doses of these medicines by 3 hours.

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